2021中俄雙邊貿(mào)易逆勢上揚，整車出口俄羅斯增長206%

海關(guān)總署最新發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù)，今年前11個月，我國與俄羅斯雙邊貿(mào)易總值為8434.1億元，同比增長24%，超過2020年全年水平。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，1至11月，我國對俄出口3844.9億元，增長21.9%；自俄進(jìn)口4589.2億元，增長25.9%。

據(jù)統(tǒng)計，自俄進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品中，超過七成是能源產(chǎn)品及礦產(chǎn)品，其中煤和天然氣進(jìn)口快速增長。具體來看，前11個月我國自俄進(jìn)口能源產(chǎn)品2987.2億元，增長44.2%；進(jìn)口金屬礦及礦砂265.7億元，增長21.7%，合計占同期我國自俄進(jìn)口總值的70.9%。其中，進(jìn)口原油2328.1億元, 增長30.9%；進(jìn)口煤及褐煤417.9億元，增長171.3%；進(jìn)口天然氣241.2億元，增長74.8%；進(jìn)口鐵礦砂96.1億元，增長2.6%。出口方面，我國對俄出口勞動密集型產(chǎn)品763.6億元，增長2.2%。

商務(wù)部新聞發(fā)言人束玨婷在近日召開的例行新聞發(fā)布會上表示，前十一個月，中俄雙邊貿(mào)易主要呈現(xiàn)三大亮點：一是貿(mào)易規(guī)模創(chuàng)歷史新高。按美元計算，今年1-11月，中俄貨物貿(mào)易額為1304.3億美元，全年有望突破1400億美元，再創(chuàng)歷史新高。中國將連續(xù)第12年保持俄最大貿(mào)易伙伴國地位。二是結(jié)構(gòu)持續(xù)優(yōu)化。前10個月，中俄機(jī)電產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易額336.8億美元，增長37.1%，占雙邊貿(mào)易比重29.1%，較去年同期提升2.2個百分點；中方對俄出口汽車整車16億美元、零配件21億美元，大幅增長206%和49%；自俄進(jìn)口牛肉1.5萬噸，是去年同期的3.4倍，中國成為俄牛肉第一大出口目的國。三是新業(yè)態(tài)蓬勃發(fā)展。中俄跨境電商合作發(fā)展迅速，在俄海外倉和電商平臺建設(shè)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，營銷和配送網(wǎng)絡(luò)不斷完善，助力雙邊貿(mào)易持續(xù)增長。

今年以來，在兩國元首的戰(zhàn)略引領(lǐng)下，中俄雙方積極克服疫情影響，推動雙邊貿(mào)易逆勢上揚，同時，農(nóng)產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易持續(xù)增長，今年中國自俄進(jìn)口的菜籽油、大麥等部分農(nóng)產(chǎn)品增幅明顯。其中，1至11月，中國自俄進(jìn)口菜籽油及芥籽油30.4萬噸，增加59.5%，進(jìn)口大麥7.5萬噸，增長37.9倍。10月，中糧集團(tuán)從俄羅斯進(jìn)口的667噸小麥抵達(dá)黑河口岸，這是中國首次成規(guī)模地從俄羅斯遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)進(jìn)口小麥。

束玨婷表示，下一步，中方將與俄方繼續(xù)密切協(xié)作，全面落實兩國元首共識，推動雙邊貿(mào)易持續(xù)提質(zhì)增量：一是鞏固傳統(tǒng)能源、礦產(chǎn)、農(nóng)林等大宗商品貿(mào)易；二是拓展數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)、生物醫(yī)藥、科技創(chuàng)新、綠色低碳等新增長點，促進(jìn)機(jī)電產(chǎn)品、跨境電商和服務(wù)貿(mào)易發(fā)展；三是繼續(xù)深化產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈合作，促進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施“軟硬”聯(lián)通，提升貿(mào)易便利化水平；四是擴(kuò)大雙向投資和承包工程合作，進(jìn)一步帶動貿(mào)易增長。

In the first 11 months of this year, China's bilateral trade with Russia totaled 843.41 billion yuan, up 24 percent year-on-year and exceeding the level of the whole of 2020, according to data released by the General Administration of Customs. Data show that from January to November, China's export to Russia was 384.49 billion yuan, up 21.9%; Imports from Russia reached 458.92 billion yuan, up 25.9%.

According to statistics, more than 70% of imports from Russia are energy products and minerals, among which imports of coal and natural gas are growing rapidly. Specifically, China imported 298.72 billion yuan of energy products from Russia in the first 11 months, up 44.2%; Imports of metal minerals and ore amounted to 26.57 billion yuan, up 21.7%, accounting for 70.9% of China's total imports from Russia in the same period. Of this, imported crude oil amounted to 232.81 billion yuan, up 30.9%; 41.79 billion yuan of imported coal and lignite, up 171.3%; 24.12 billion yuan of imported natural gas, up 74.8%; Iron ore imports totaled 9.61 billion yuan, up 2.6%. In terms of exports, China exported 76.36 billion yuan of labor-intensive products to Russia, up 2.2%.

Shu Jutting, spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce, said at a regular press conference that in the first 11 months, Bilateral trade between China and Russia showed three highlights: First, the scale of trade reached a record high. In dollar terms, the trade volume of goods between China and Russia in the first 11 months of this year reached us $130.43 billion and is expected to exceed US $140 billion for the whole year, another record high. China will remain Russia's largest trading partner for the 12th consecutive year. Second, the structure continued to improve. In the first 10 months, the trade volume of mechanical and electrical products between China and Russia reached 33.68 billion US dollars, up 37.1%, accounting for 29.1% of bilateral trade and 2.2 percentage points higher than the same period last year. China exported us $1.6 billion of finished cars and US $2.1 billion of spare parts to Russia, up 206% and 49% respectively. China imported 15,000 tons of beef from Russia, 3.4 times that of the same period last year, making China the largest export destination for Russian beef. Third, new forms of business flourished. China-russia cross-border e-commerce cooperation has grown rapidly. Steady progress has been made in the construction of overseas warehouses and e-commerce platforms in Russia, and marketing and distribution networks have been constantly improved, which has contributed to the continuous growth of bilateral trade.

Since the beginning of this year, under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, China and Russia have actively overcome the impact of the epidemic and boosted bilateral trade against the trend. Meanwhile, trade in agricultural products has continued to grow. This year, China's import of some agricultural products from Russia, including rapeseed oil and barley, has increased significantly. From January to November, China imported 304,000 tons of rapeseed oil and mustard oil from Russia, up 59.5 percent, and 75,000 tons of barley, up 37.9 times. In October, coFCO imported 667 tons of wheat from Russia into Heihe port, the first large-scale wheat import from Russia's Far East.

Shu said that going forward, China will continue to work closely with Russia to fully implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state and promote continuous quality and increase of bilateral trade. First, consolidate trade in traditional energy, minerals, agriculture and forestry commodities. Second, we will expand new growth areas such as digital economy, biomedicine, scientific and technological innovation, green and low-carbon development, and promote the development of mechanical and electrical products, cross-border e-commerce, and trade in services. Third, continue to deepen industrial and supply chain cooperation, promote soft and hard connectivity of infrastructure, and improve trade facilitation. Fourth, expand two-way investment and contract project cooperation to further boost trade growth.