關(guān)稅調(diào)整-2022年1月1日起我國(guó)調(diào)整部分商品進(jìn)出口關(guān)稅

每逢年末，我國(guó)會(huì)根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展情況，對(duì)部分進(jìn)口商品的關(guān)稅稅率進(jìn)行調(diào)整。經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)稅稅則委員會(huì)15日對(duì)外發(fā)布通知，明確了2022年關(guān)稅調(diào)整方案。

接受新華社采訪的專(zhuān)家和業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示，此次調(diào)整降低了部分醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品、日用消費(fèi)品、關(guān)鍵零部件等多種進(jìn)口商品關(guān)稅，將進(jìn)一步滿足人民生活、企業(yè)生產(chǎn)和社會(huì)發(fā)展需要，有利于維護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈安全穩(wěn)定，支持科技創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，擴(kuò)大高水平對(duì)外開(kāi)放，推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。

聚焦民生關(guān)切，調(diào)整部分醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品、消費(fèi)品暫定稅率

2022年1月1日起，我國(guó)將對(duì)954項(xiàng)商品實(shí)施低于最惠國(guó)稅率的進(jìn)口暫定稅率。

記者查閱通知附表發(fā)現(xiàn)，此次調(diào)整暫定稅率的進(jìn)口商品中，不少是涉及民生的醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品，如新型抗癌藥氯化鐳注射液、顱內(nèi)取栓支架、人造關(guān)節(jié)等。

解放軍總醫(yī)院神經(jīng)內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)部神經(jīng)介入科主任王君對(duì)顱內(nèi)取栓支架這一產(chǎn)品格外關(guān)注。“顱內(nèi)取栓支架是一種把形成的腦血栓取出來(lái)的器械，此次降低進(jìn)口關(guān)稅后，將降低器械費(fèi)用，為患者減少治療成本。”

2018年以來(lái)，我國(guó)已先后取消了第一批和第二批抗癌藥、罕見(jiàn)病藥原料藥以及部分用于治療哮喘的生物堿類(lèi)藥品的關(guān)稅，降低了人工心臟瓣膜、助聽(tīng)器等醫(yī)療器材的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。“回顧近年來(lái)暫定稅率調(diào)整，減輕患者經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)、提升人民健康福祉這一目標(biāo)清晰。”中國(guó)人民大學(xué)公共管理學(xué)院教授許光建說(shuō)。

通知明確，2022年將降低部分消費(fèi)品的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，包括鮭魚(yú)、鱈魚(yú)等優(yōu)質(zhì)水產(chǎn)品，嬰兒服裝，洗碗機(jī)，滑雪用具等；并將對(duì)超過(guò)100年的油畫(huà)等藝術(shù)品實(shí)施零關(guān)稅。

“降低這些與百姓生活密切相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，能更好滿足百姓消費(fèi)升級(jí)需求，更好滿足人民對(duì)美好生活的向往。”中國(guó)輕工業(yè)聯(lián)合會(huì)秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)郭永新說(shuō)。

助推轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，調(diào)整部分環(huán)境產(chǎn)品、關(guān)鍵零部件暫定稅率

促進(jìn)綠色低碳發(fā)展是此次關(guān)稅調(diào)整的一大亮點(diǎn)。根據(jù)通知，2022年將對(duì)可提高車(chē)輛燃油效率、減少尾氣排放的汽油機(jī)顆粒捕集器、汽車(chē)用電子節(jié)氣門(mén)，以及可用于土壤修復(fù)的泥煤，降低進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。

中國(guó)汽車(chē)技術(shù)研究中心資深專(zhuān)家黃永和表示，汽油機(jī)顆粒捕集器、汽車(chē)用電子節(jié)氣門(mén)等產(chǎn)品是促進(jìn)汽車(chē)節(jié)能減排的重要零部件，降低關(guān)稅后，有利于支持汽車(chē)行業(yè)綠色低碳發(fā)展。

多項(xiàng)關(guān)稅調(diào)整助力制造業(yè)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。例如，2022年將降低高純石墨配件、高速動(dòng)車(chē)使用的高壓電纜、燃料電池用膜電極組件和雙極板等關(guān)鍵零部件的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，降低可可豆、植物精油、動(dòng)物毛皮等食品加工、日化、皮革制造行業(yè)所需原材料的進(jìn)口關(guān)稅。

此外，2022年7月1日起，我國(guó)還將對(duì)62項(xiàng)信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的最惠國(guó)稅率實(shí)施第七步降稅，其平均稅率將由3.4%降至1.7%。

業(yè)內(nèi)人士表示，這些舉措安排立足國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展需要，有利于維護(hù)國(guó)內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈安全穩(wěn)定，支持科技創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，促進(jìn)綠色低碳發(fā)展。

推進(jìn)高水平對(duì)外開(kāi)放，調(diào)整有關(guān)協(xié)定稅率

為持續(xù)推進(jìn)高水平對(duì)外開(kāi)放，根據(jù)我國(guó)與有關(guān)國(guó)家或地區(qū)簽署的自貿(mào)協(xié)定和優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易安排，2022年將對(duì)原產(chǎn)于29個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的部分商品實(shí)施協(xié)定稅率。

其中，中國(guó)與新西蘭、秘魯、哥斯達(dá)黎加、瑞士、冰島、韓國(guó)、澳大利亞、巴基斯坦、格魯吉亞、毛里求斯等雙邊自貿(mào)協(xié)定以及亞太貿(mào)易協(xié)定將進(jìn)一步降稅；區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定（RCEP）、中國(guó)—柬埔寨自貿(mào)協(xié)定自2022年1月1日起生效并實(shí)施降稅。

值得注意的是，中國(guó)—柬埔寨自貿(mào)協(xié)定是我國(guó)與最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家商簽的第一個(gè)自貿(mào)協(xié)定。“中、柬雙方相互給予對(duì)方貨物貿(mào)易零關(guān)稅產(chǎn)品稅目比例達(dá)到97.5%、90%，這是雙方迄今所有自貿(mào)協(xié)定談判中的最高水平，將有助于增進(jìn)兩國(guó)企業(yè)和人民的福祉。”財(cái)政部關(guān)稅司有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人說(shuō)。

區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定方面，我國(guó)將與日本首次達(dá)成關(guān)稅減讓安排。“實(shí)施降稅首年，按2022年稅則稅目計(jì)，中、日雙方將分別對(duì)原產(chǎn)于對(duì)方24.9%和55.5%左右的稅目產(chǎn)品立即實(shí)施零關(guān)稅。對(duì)于相關(guān)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，很快就能獲得更多市場(chǎng)機(jī)遇。”對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)教授崔凡說(shuō)。

此外，記者了解到，國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)稅稅則委員會(huì)同日發(fā)布公告，擴(kuò)大同中國(guó)建交的最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家輸華零關(guān)稅待遇的產(chǎn)品范圍，給予最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家98%稅目產(chǎn)品零關(guān)稅待遇，花生油等農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、聚乙烯等化工品都將納入零關(guān)稅待遇范圍。

“這將進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)我國(guó)自非洲相關(guān)國(guó)家的進(jìn)口，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建高水平中非命運(yùn)共同體，進(jìn)一步同最不發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家共享市場(chǎng)機(jī)遇，踐行互利共贏。”財(cái)政部關(guān)稅司有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人說(shuō)。轉(zhuǎn)自：新華社

At the end of each year, China will adjust the tariff rate of some imported goods according to the economic and social development. With the approval of The State Council, the Tariff Commission of The State Council issued a notice on Thursday specifying the tariff adjustment plan for 2022.

Experts interviewed by Xinhua News Agency and the personage inside course of study says, the adjustment to reduce some of the medical products, consumer goods, key parts such as a variety of import tariffs on goods, will further meet the needs of the people's life and production and social development, is conducive to maintaining domestic industry chain supply chain security and stability, support for technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, expand the high level of opening to the outside, We will promote high-quality development.

We adjusted temporary tax rates for some medical products and consumer goods with a focus on people's wellbeing

Starting from January 1, 2022, China will apply temporary import tax rates lower than most-favored-nation rates on 954 items.

According to the schedule of the notice, many of the imported products are related to people's livelihood, such as radium chloride injection, intracranial thrombectomy stent and artificial joint.

Wang Jun, director of neurointerventional Department, Department of Neurology, PLA General Hospital, paid special attention to intracranial thrombectomy stent. "Intracranial thrombectomy stents are used to remove cerebral thrombosis, and the reduction of import tariffs will reduce the cost of the stents and reduce the cost of treatment for patients."

Since 2018, China has removed tariffs on the first and second batch of anti-cancer drugs, rare disease drug apis and some alkaloids used to treat asthma, and reduced import tariffs on artificial heart valves, hearing AIDS and other medical devices. "Reviewing the temporary tax rate adjustment in recent years, the goal of reducing the financial burden of patients and improving people's health and well-being is clear." Renmin University of China school of Public administration professor Xu Guangjian said.

Import tariffs on some consumer goods will be lowered in 2022, including high-quality aquatic products such as salmon and cod, baby clothes, dishwashers and skiing equipment. There will be zero tariffs on paintings and other works of art that are more than 100 years old.

"By lowering import tariffs on products closely related to people's lives, we can better meet people's demand for upgrading consumption and their desire for a better life." China Light Industry Association secretary General Guo Yongxin said.

We boosted economic transformation and upgrading, and adjusted temporary tax rates on some environmental products and key spare parts

Promoting green and low-carbon development is a highlight of the tariff adjustment. According to the circular, import tariffs will be lowered in 2022 on particle traps for gasoline engines, which can improve vehicle fuel efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions, electronic throttle valves for automobiles, and peat, which can be used for soil remediation.

Huang Yonghe, a senior expert at the China Automotive Technology and Research Center, said that particle traps for gasoline engines and electronic throttle for automobiles are important parts to promote energy conservation and emission reduction, and the reduction of tariffs will help support the green and low-carbon development of the auto industry.

Various tariff adjustments helped optimize and upgrade the manufacturing sector. For example, import tariffs on key components such as high-purity graphite parts, high-voltage cables for high-speed bullet trains, membrane electrode assemblies for fuel cells and bipolar plates will be lowered in 2022, as well as import tariffs on raw materials needed for food processing, daily chemical and leather manufacturing industries such as cocoa beans, essential oils and animal fur.

In addition, from July 1, 2022, China will also implement the seventh step of tax reduction for 62 most-favored-nation tax rates on information technology products, with the average tax rate dropping from 3.4 percent to 1.7 percent.

These measures are based on domestic development needs and will help maintain the security and stability of domestic industrial and supply chains, support technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, and promote green and low-carbon development, industry insiders said.

We will continue to open up to the outside world at a high level and adjust tax rates under relevant treaties

In order to continue to promote high-level opening-up, China will apply negotiated tariff rates in 2022 on some goods from 29 countries or regions, according to the free trade agreements and preferential trade arrangements China has signed with relevant countries or regions.

Among them, China will further reduce taxes in bilateral free trade agreements with New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, South Korea, Australia, Pakistan, Georgia, Mauritius and asia-pacific Trade agreements. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement will come into force on January 1, 2022 and implement tax reductions.

It is worth noting that the China-Cambodia FREE Trade Agreement is the first one China has negotiated with the least developed country. "China and Cambodia have granted each other 97.5 percent and 90 percent of tariffs on goods, the highest levels in all fta negotiations so far, which will help improve the well-being of businesses and people of the two countries." Customs department of the Ministry of Finance said.

On the regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), China will for the first time reach tariff concessions with Japan. "In the first year of the tariff reduction, China and Japan will immediately implement zero tariff on 24.9 percent and 55.5 percent of the tariff items originated from each other, respectively, according to the 2022 tariff items. There will soon be more market opportunities for relevant companies." Cui Fan, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics.

In addition, the Customs Tariff Commission of The State Council issued a notice on the same day, extending zero-tariff treatment to 98% of the tariff items exported from the least developed countries that have established diplomatic relations with China. Peanut oil and other agricultural products, polyethylene and other chemical products will be included in the zero-tariff treatment.

"This will further boost China's imports from relevant African countries, promote the building of a high-quality China-Africa community with a shared future, further share market opportunities with the least developed countries, and practice mutual benefit and win-win outcomes." Customs department of the Ministry of Finance said.